This is the site where the original Tammuz died. This practice became the basis for religious prostitution (1 Kings 14:23-24). Once she performed this ritual, the male visitor gave her money to donate to the temple. A nude woman holding lilies or sometimes wearing a Philistine helmet. And their pagan worship snared some of the children of Israel. Avoid having his presence linger on longer than necessary. Leviticus 18:22 and 20:13 simply do not address modern gay and lesbian relationships. Many ancient peoples practiced magic. . Astarte (from Greek . As in Beirut, some coins depicted Astarte, along with Poseidon and Eshmun being praised together. Discover the Bible in light of its historical and cultural context! Transvestism in Ancient Israel. Hail Astaroth! Plutarch, AD 46-127, senior priest of the oracle at Delphi, gives this description of the fire god. We're talking cow's horns of course, as Astarte is a sexy cow and ritual prostitution is always on offer. The problem is a difficult one, the references to the cult in the Old Testament being so few and so vague. In Ashtoreths worship services, male worshipers had anal sex with priests and priestesses of the goddess. After all, secular prostitutes plied their trade in Mesopotamian cities as well. Lilies, roses, sweet cakes, honey. Blame it on a woman and no ordinary woman at that a goddess. ECUSA recommences Astarte-worship. They foretold the future by examining animal entrails or by watching flights of birds. The Torah condemns the worship of false deities, and the Hebrew people were occasionally punished for honoring Astarte and Baal. Both of these sacred sexual practices existed for thousands of years in Mesopotamia. Place your hand with a silver ring under your nose. Astarte, goddess of war and sexual love, shared so many qualities with her sister, Anath, that they may originally have been seen as a single deity. But let our friendship extend beyond the limitations oftime and space. Ornament your body with henna or honey. It is best to understand these rituals as a religious act of devotion to the goddess rather than as sex per se. Sacred Marriage and Sacred Prostitution in Ancient Mesopotamia. Astarte means the womb, the conceiving womb, or full womb and is a title for the goddess Anat, but it may also be a title for other goddesses associated with fertility or possibly a name for a completely independent spirit. According to the Jewish Encyclopedia, the Hebrews first learned Baal worship from the agricultural Canaanites. Deuteronomy 16:21. Moses met God in a burning bush in the desert, where he learned the greatness of God's name and received his commission to bring the Hebrews out of Egypt. Pseudomonarchia Daemonum (1577) :. Moloch worship is essentially identical with worship of Chemosh of Moab, Cronus-Kronos of Carthage and Melkart-Melqart of Tyre. When the flames fall upon the body, the limbs contract and the open mouth seems almost to be laughing until the contracted body slips quietly into the brazier.. mountain and under every green tree, and there hath played the harlot." Learn Religions. This action will also remove this member from your connections and send a report to the site admin. He is also the keeper of secrets throughout time, knowing past, present and the future. Leviticus 20:5. Yahweh is God? Astarte was a goddess honored in the Eastern Mediterranean area, before being renamed by the Greeks. The priest or a male member of the community represented Baal. Close your eyes and let the energy youve received visualize itself as Astaroth. Through the sexual act, divine fertile energy was released on the land ensuring good crops and productive herds. Case closed, or at least that's how Hislop presents iteggs appear in different cultural traditions, so they must all be tied to a single earlier tradition, and the goddess Astarte is said to have emerged from an egg, so surely all instances of sacred egg traditions must really be instances of Astarte worship. Most children and families who color or hide Easter eggs as part of their Resurrection Sunday tradition have no knowledge of the origin of these traditions. Light a candle and turn off all the other lights, Stare into the candlelight and quiet your mind. The Encyclopedia of Witches, Witchcraft and Wicca written by Rosemary Ellen Guiley Copyright 1989, 1999, 2008 by Visionary Living, Inc. Astarte was worshipped by Canaanites, Egyptians, Hebrews, Philistines, and Phoenicians, but exactly who is she? According to legend, Astarte descended to earth as a fiery star. 12:31, 18:9-10). With this preliminary information in mind, here are the 2 best rituals for summoning Astaroth: The Candlelight Invocation Light a candle and turn off all the other lights Stare into the candlelight and quiet your mind Recite an invocation. On the other hand, some magicians saw a beautiful demoness instead. That towns were named after the fertility goddess indicates that her worship was already widespread when the children of Israel entered the land of Canaan. The goddess was worshiped with sexual rituals that were condemned by the prophets of the Old Testament. Just as they went forth into this . Baal's worshipers appeased him by offering sacrifices, usually animals such as sheep or bulls (1 Kings 18:23). In the many myths and stories involving Inanna in ancient Mesopotamia, Inanna does not appear as either wife or mother. This reflects the strong anti-gay beliefs of Dallas Theological Seminary (which trained some of the folks associated with the NET Bible). Astarte is mentioned nine times in the Jewish Bible. One way we can accomplish this is to study the gods that attracted Yahweh's people 3,000 years ago. But not by those who do not believe this was the date of Christs birth, and say the exact date is unknown. Scripture describes this practice as "passing through the fire to Molech," Leviticus 18:21. But this didn't happen immediately. In the Hebrew Bible, the worship of Astarte is repeatedly condemned, an indication that for at least some ancient Israelites, the cult of Astarte held great appeal. Hear the prayer of Your servant and friend! Astarte is a spirit of abundance, prosperity, love, sex, and war. So youre interested in summoning Astaroth, the Grand Duke and Treasurer of Hell? The Assyrians and Babylonians pictured her caressing an suckling a smallchild. Astaroth is the teacher of all the sciences especially skilled in the liberal sciences. Part of her cult worship probably included temple prostitution. The issue with God was not committed faithful non-cultic sexual relationships or gay marriages between two men or two women. Pagans practiced "sympathetic magic", that is, they believed they could influence the gods' actions by performing the behavior they wished the gods to demonstrate. We need to learn from Israel's experience and respond to Jesus' command for total allegiance. Repeat for as many times as you think is necessary. Her role. They exercised a very real power over the primitive Canaanites. ), the king "tore down the quarters of the male shrine prostitutes, which were in the temple of the Lord and where women . Like her Akkadian counterpart Itar, she is an astral deity and is associated with the evening star. Basics Rituals and Ceremonies Sabbats and Holidays Wicca Gods Herbalism Wicca Traditions Wicca Resources for Parents She was the consort of the chief deity El and the mother of 70 other gods. In her role as a warrior goddess, one who is dominant and fearless, she is sometimes portrayed wearing a set of bull horns. Practicing occultist and writer with a particular interest in summoning magic. Asherah, the moon goddess, was the principal female deity worshiped by ancient Syrians, Phoenicians, and Canaanites. One can readily see why God and Moses called this pagan religious practice and the sexual rites associated with it, abomination. . All of the following may be true: Astarte is the title of the Cypriot goddess whose Greek name is Aphrodite. Learn about upcoming promotions, releases, and other updates from That the World May Know. Astarte ruled all spirits of the dead residing in heaven, visible from earth as stars; hence came her name Astroarche, Queen of the Stars, the mother of souls in heaven, the Moon surrounded by her star-children, to whom she gave their astral (starry) bodies. Many gods and goddesses of the Mediterranean and Middle East appreciate gifts of honey and wine, incense, bread, and fresh meat. The priestess or a female members of the community represented Asherah. . Some scholars believe that the Canaanites also sacrificed pigs and that God prohibited his people from eating pork in part to prevent this horrible cult from being established among them. 18; xliv. It is said that in Corinth alone, there were more than 1,000 prostitutes in Aphrodite's temple. Astarte (also Ashtart, Ashtoreth) In ancient Phoenicia, the great Goddess of fertility, motherhood and war. Given this cultural, historical and religious context, it becomes clear that God did not intend to forbid a loving, committed gay relationship or gay marriage between two men or two women. There is evidence that Ishtar and Astarte were worshiped at Paphos in the early Iron Age and were brought, so to speak, to the island by the Phoenicians along with the Egyptian cult of Hathor, who may also have been identified with Aphrodite (see Hatton-Brown, 1997 p.64-6). He is one of the three supreme evil Demons, with Beelzebub and Lucifer, in the Grimoire Verum and Grand Grimoire, which date from about the 18th century. , dating to the Neolithic and Bronze Ages. A child sacrifice laid on the hands, would roll into the fire in the belly cavity. J. F. McCurdy. I conduct summoning rituals for clients - https://occultist.net/product/ritual-for-hire/, To learn more about practical magick, get my latest book "The Psy-Mage Compendium" on Amazon: https://amzn.to/3ouvops, If youre into ceremonial magick, youve seen plenty of grimoires and other magic books describing various demons. The power attributed to her in war may have arisen from her connection with storms. Maybe, to be safe, they should worship both;Yahweh and Baal. And if Astarte is not close . Artemis, the goddess of childbirth and fertility, and Aphrodite, the goddess of love, continued the Asherah cults under a new name (Acts 19:35), but with worship practices that were as immoral as ever. Many gods and goddesses of the Mediterranean and Middle East appreciate gifts of honey and wine, incense, bread, and fresh meat. Astarte is a spirit of abundance, prosperity, love, sex, and war. Mesopotamian Women and Their Social Roles, Mesopotamian Religion: Gods, Practice, And Priests. As with many deities, offerings are an important component of honoring Astarte in ritual and prayer. He showed that he alone held power over the demons, sending them into the Abyss (Luke 8:31). She was known in Arabia as "Athtar," and inBabylonia as "Ishtar." Her name appears in the Old Testament (I Kings xi. Yet in spite of being so anti-gay, the NET Bible links the Mo-lech worship of Leviticus 18:21 and 20:2-5, 13, with sexual sin and with spiritual prostitution, "I will cut off from the midst of their people both him and all who follow after him in spiritual prostitution, to commit prostitution by worshiping Molech (Hebrew - to commit harlotry after Molech)." Her name appears in the Old Testament (I Kings xi. Please confirm you want to block this member. Under the kings, this spiritual battle continued. 40-year journey in the wilderness, their Lord accompanied them, protected them, fed them, and guided them to the Promised Land. As long as youre respectful to demons and take the preliminary precautions as mentioned here, you have nothing to fear as their primary intent is never to harm the summoner. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. 74, and "Hebraica," x. For that reason, God and Moses prohibited Israel from worshiping Moloch in Leviticus 18:21 and 20:2, 3, 4, 5. Ancient Assyrians and Babylonians portrayed her caressing a child. And it was through he flattery of, to build a house on Saphon, a mountain situated in the sides of the north, In spite of her maiden and mother titles Anat was an aggressive goddess who slew Baal enemies. Deuteronomy 22:5 is prohibiting a specific kind of transvestism, one in which men dressed as women and women dressed as men would identify themselves as servants of Asherah, prostitute themselves in the temple of Yahweh, and thus bring ritual impurity to the worship of the God of Israel. Ahab, with his wife's encouragement, built a temple to Baal at his capital, Samaria. Contains spam, fake content or potential malware. He was known by many names, all signifying the same false god. His mistress, the fertility goddess Asherah, gave birth to many gods, including a powerful god named Baal ("Lord"). Among her symbols included the horse, dove, lion, star within a circle and a sphinx. Ashtart is a Semitic Goddess of love and war and the Canaanite Great Goddess who is the cult partner of Ba'al (the King). Tammuz also is her son/consort as he is with Ishtar. These female figurines are associated with domestic religious rituals. Updates? Erotic temple rites and sacred prostitution were central to her veneration. Keep in mind that the appearance of the demon is closely linked with the preconceived notion that the summoner has of the demon. Much of our knowledge of the origins and character of these fertility cults remains tentative and widely debated. Some scholars hold Astarte was a prototype of the Virgin Mary. A deity of fertility and sexuality, Astarte eventually evolved into the Greek Aphrodite thanks to her role as a goddess of sexual love. No wonder God's anger burned against his people and their leaders. Asherah (Hebrew ), also spelled Ashera, was a major northwest Semitic mother goddess, appearing also in Akkadian sources as Ashratu, in Hittite as Asherdu and in Ugaritic as Athirat. In Phoenicia, several states including Byblos, Tyre and Sidon were among the centers of worship for Astarte. Ishtars primary legacy from the Sumerian tradition is the role of fertility figure; she evolved, however, into a more complex character, surrounded in myth by death and disaster, a goddess of contradictory connotations and forcesfire and fire-quenching, rejoicing and tears, fair play and enmity. However, even among those who . When and how did the Twelve Apostles die? Note that Lent is a moveable observance, connected to and preceding the festival of Easter. The ensuing generations forgot the God who had rescued them from Egypt ( Judges 2:10-12 ). In Sicily, Astarte became popular as the Venus Erycina of the Romans. A beautiful, sexy woman sometimes depicted with a Hathor-style hairdo. Or would the fertility god of Canaan have to be honored? California Do not sell my personal information. 3) may be a reference to a form of the cult similar to that known in Cyprus, where swine were sacred to Astarte ("Jour. Dionysus was worshiped in the pagan Decapolis across the Sea of Galilee from the center of Jesus' ministry. Lucid dreaming most often occurs between 3 and 5 AM. Her worship spanned from around 1500 BCE to 200 BCE. You can find out more and change our default settings with Cookies Settings. In art and texts, Ishtar is depicted supporting favored rulers in battle. In the figure of Inanna several traditions seem to have been combined: she is sometimes the daughter of the sky god An, sometimes his wife; in other myths she is the daughter of Nanna, god of the moon, or of the wind god, Enlil. Any information pertaining to them may pertain to her as well. She is portrayed as a nude female, sometimes pregnant, with exaggerated breasts that she holds out, apparently as symbols of the fertility she promises her followers. It is easy (and seductive) to honor possessions, fun, relationships, fame, money, and a host of other potential "gods.". Molech was a false god of ancient Canaan. Baal, Ashtoreth and Molech - God's Old Testament rivals. 1 Kings 11:5-6, 33; 2 Kings 23:13 The Egyptians gave Ashtaorth the title "Queen of Heaven" and "Lady of Heaven". As with many deities, offerings are an important component of honoring Astarte in ritual and prayer. x. 10). Her traditional Phoenician offerings included clothing stained with menstrual blood. One of the most unusual practices Herodotus details is the that of sacred prostitution, which he observes in the ancient city of Babylon. 133-165, x. The Bible called this practice "detestable" (Deut. Bibliography: J. Selden, De dis Syris, ii, 2, London, 1617; F. Mnter, Die Religion der Carthager, pp. That Molech worship was already common among the Canaanites when Israel entered the land is evident from the fact that, before Israel entered the land, God warned them against Molech worship as an abomination the Israelites were forbidden to practice, Leviticus 18:21, 20:2, 3, 4, 5. Encyclopedia of Spirits: The Ultimate Guide to the Magic of Fairies, Genies, Demons, Ghosts, Gods & Goddesses Written by Judika Illes Copyright 2009 by Judika Illes. she is gone up upon every high She can help you find the love of your life, she can make you more attractive to whomever you like and she can improve your current relationship. This is the most opportune time to ask questions about the past, present and future. Once youre ready to end the ritual, go back into the portal, up the stairways and walk around the dark citadel/cathedral CLOCKWISE 7 times, less or more. It is listed on the Biblical Timeline Chart around 1754 BC. The Feast of Astarte began by welcoming and celebrating the sunrise on the Vernal Equinox. Easily See 6017 Years of Biblical and World History Together! Thus Baal, meaning master, is the title for a spirit named Hadd. Many sorcerers claimed to have the ability to cast out demons (Acts 8:9-24, 13:6-12), as did some Pharisees. Baal's worshipers appeased him by offering sacrifices, usually animals such as sheep or bulls (1 Kings 18:23). JPS Tanakh 1917 That's a great question because Paul could have used many words if he intended to blast gays and lesbians. How Long In Prison? Moreover, Astarte had a temple that was shared with Eshmun, in Sidon. Amazing Bible Timeline with World History, http://www.usc.edu/dept/LAS/arc/profilecoin/html/religion.html>http://www.usc.edu/dept/LAS/arc/profilecoin/html/religion.html, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Astarte_(goddess)#mediaviewer/File:Dama_de_Galera_(M.A.N._Madrid)_01.jpg, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Astarte_(goddess)#mediaviewer/File:The_worship_of_Ashtoreth.jpg. Regardless their opinion, notice that even anti-gay Christians admit Leviticus 18:22, "Thou shalt not lie with mankind, as with womankind: it is abomination." Astarte was very popular in Old Testament times and traveled far and wide, starting up in business all over the place with the help of her consort and . Immense knowledge, power, protection from harm (invisibility) and hidden treasures are all within reach of those who form a good relationship with this unique entity. no doubt seen what wayward Israel has done. "Have ye offered unto me sacrifices and offerings in the wilderness forty years, O house of Israel? In the description, it was presented that Astarte was the daughter of Epigeius and Ge, and that she was Elus sister. Astarte (from Greek (Astrte)) is the name of a major goddess as known from Northwestern Semitic regions, cognate in name, origin and functions with the goddess Ishtar in Mesopotamian texts. Easter is celebrated on a day specified only by the Roman Catholic Church, and not the Bible, and is fixed based on the sun and the Spring or Vernal equinox. She was known in Arabia as "Athtar," and inBabylonia as "Ishtar." Please note: In a twelfth-century BCE hieratic papyrus, the goddess Neith ordered that Set be given Anat and Astarte as wives. She was also celebrated in Egypt following the importation of Levantine cults there. Jesus provided the ultimate solution to resisting the seductiveness of pagan idol worship. In modern NeoPaganism, Astarte has been included in a Wiccan chant that is used to raise energy, calling upon Isis, Astarte,Diana,Hecate, Demeter, Kali, Inanna.. Bibl. Seth was one of the five Osirian gods. on the ancient Syrian and Egyptian rituals of celebrating Astartes rebirth of the solar god on December 25th, that the Virgin had brought forth a newborn child, which, No doubt the Virgin who thus conceived and bore a son on the twenty-fifth of December was the great Oriental goddess whom the Semites called the Heavenly Virgin or the Heavenly Goddess, in Semitic lands she was a form of Astarte, The theory that credits Astarte as being a prototype of the Virgin Mary made. Wigington, Patti. By the first century B.C., Isis worship had become established as a "mystery religion." Rooted in Greek culture, mystery faiths centred on a figure of a god or goddesssuch as Demeter or Dionysusand involved confidential rituals and rites. Believing the sexual union of Baal and Asherah produced fertility, their worshipers engaged in immoral sex to cause the gods to join together, ensuring good harvests. When his time is up and he returns from the underworld in springtime, he joyously mates with Inanna and the land reawakens. The adjective spiritual was inserted by the translators because in their opinion this is not a reference to literal prostitution but figuratively compares idolatry to prostitution. Because the Bible, in both the Old Testament and the New Testament, recognized the reality of the demonic world and condemned all of its practices (Deut. Your email address will not be published. As mother goddess she was widely worshiped throughout Syria and Palestine, although she was frequently paired with Baal, who often took the place of El; as Baal's consort, Asherah was usually given the name Baalat. 5 When the Philistines captured the ark of God, they brought it from Ebenezer to Ashdod; 2 then the Philistines took the ark of God and brought it into the house of Dagon and placed it beside Dagon. ii-v.). 5; II Kings xxiii. Sacrifices made to her included firstborn children and newborn animals. Seeker of Wisdom and Keeper of Time! She is linked with war, sexuality and fertility. Astaroth is often invoked in necromantic divination rituals for this purpose. See you on the other side! xxxi. My clients tend to be ambitious people from all walks of life. She holds a bowl beneath her breasts, which are pierced so that milk placed in the statuette flowed from her breasts into the bowl. Corrections? International Standard Version Solomon pursued Astarte, the Sidonian goddess, and Milcom, that detestable Ammonite idol. In this act, the high priestess of Inanna would have intercourse with either the high priest or the king of the city. Phoenician Goddess of Fertility and Sexual Pleasure. 6:13). God specifically appointed the tribe of Levi as his special servants, in place of the firstborn of the Israelites, so they had no excuse for offering their children (Num. 4, 18, where the lambs are called the "ashtarot" of the flock. You have seen how she went Lev 20:2-5; 2 Kgs 23:10, etc.). Attractive design ideal for your home, office, church . This struggle to be totally committed to God is of vital importance to us today as well. Therefore, it should be taken with the utmost seriousness. A few Biblical passages make a reference to the worship of a Queen of Heaven, who may have been Astarte. The reaction against Baal and Astarte, inaugurated by the Prophets, had a profound effect upon the moral life of Israel (see "Jour. My New Grimoire Goetia Rising is Now Available! Possibly, their desert origins led them to question God's sovereignty over fertile land. That the Hebrew God is the best known of all gods worshiped in the world today needs no explanation. Several other centers of worship were located in Malta, Eryx and Cythera. Baal, Tammuz, Ashtoreth, Astarte and Ishtar are all connected with pagan sun worship. Sometimes my clients are also not comfortable dealing with the spiritual world on their own or lack the necessary items and solitude to even conduct these rituals. 5, 33; II Kings xxiii. The NET Bible on Leviticus 18:21, Note 30, says: "It could refer to either human sacrifice or a devotion of children to some sort of service of Molech, perhaps of a sexual sort (cf. According to Encyclopedia Brittanica, "Ashtaroth, the plural form of the goddesss name in Hebrew, became a general term denoting goddesses and paganism.". This is always a good rule to follow, regardless of the demon youre trying to summon. Your email address will not be published. It was discovered that Astarte was linked with the Uni-Astre of the Etruscans. Diodorus Siculus, 90-30 BC, gives this description of a Carthaginian fire god. For example, sects that worship Hera and/or Themis may include worship of Aphrodite, but encourage monogamy and stress her role in committed relationships and marriage. Astaroth loves to complain to those who are willing to listen about how he was unjustly punished by God along with other Fallen Angels. Interestingly, in her earlier forms, she also appears as a warrior goddess, and eventually was celebrated as Artemis. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. In their forty years of wilderness wandering and backsliding, wicked stony-hearted rebellious Israel chose the wrong god and the wrong tabernacle. Scholars have yet to settle on the question of whether sacred prostitution took place. Phone Toll Free: 877-966-7300 or 816-584-3077, [This article continues after a message from the authors], These Articles are Written by the Publishers of, Amazing Bible Timeline with World History 2023. KJV, Jeremiah 3:6, "When Josiah was king of Judah, the LORD said to me, "Jeremiah, you have It "compels every woman of the land to sit in the temple . "Who Is Astarte?" Johanna H. Stuckey, University Professor Emerita, York University, says of Astarte. Astarte (or Ashtarte), Queen of Heaven Baal, El, Ruler of the . She was ruler of all spirits of the dead, who lived in heaven in bodies of light and were visible on earth as stars. Astarte, wherever worshiped, was a goddess of fertility and sexual love. According to myth, Astarte descended to earth as a fiery star, landing near Byblos in a lake at Alphaca, the site where the original Tammuz is said to have died. Both of these sacred sexual practices existed for thousands of years in Mesopotamia. He promised his disciples that his church would overcome all evil, even the gates of Hades itself. It is also the Greek name of Ishtar, who is a Mesopotamian Semitic goddess. A Phoenician statuette uncovered near Granada, Spain, dating to the seventh or sixth centuries BCE, depicts Astarte enthroned, flanked by sphinxes. One that I've used successfully is: "Hail Astaroth! Astarte is one of the names that was commonly linked with the female divinity of the people during the early Bronze Age. Believing Jews and non-Jews living in the land of Israel were also prohibited from pagan sexual worship of the Canaanite fertility goddess because God viewed such pagan worship as abomination. ), Hosea, Isaiah, and Jeremiah thundered that Yahweh alone deserved the people?s allegiance. Astarte is one of the names that was commonly linked with the female divinity of the people during the early Bronze Age. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Ishtar-Mesopotamian-goddess, Ancient Origins - Love is a Battlefield: The Legend of Ishtar, First Goddess of Love and War, Oracc - Ancient Mesopotamian Gods and Goddesses - Itar. Focus on the Family is committed to helping families thrive according to Gods Word! Unique Circular Format see more in less space. She had her own priests and prophets. lxv. 13) as "Ashtoreth," a distortion of "Ashtart," made after the analogy of "Bosheth" (compare Jastrow, in "Jour. Begin visualizing energy emanating from the light and pouring itself into you. This was viewed as an offering to the fertility goddess. Definitions. Wigington, Patti. Shrine Prostitutes used sex to worship pagan gods, From Molech, Return To Gay Christian 101 Home Page. Molech, fire-god of ancient Canaan Mighty Duke, I humbly invoke you from the depths of Hell into the Realm of Man. Gay Christian 101 - Presenting accurate biblical and historical info defending LGBT Christians from those who rip verses out of context to condemn. Many of the gods they worshiped, however, were localized and are now known only under their local names. In Phenician Colonies. This is proved by the fact that Baalim and Ashtaroth are used several times (Judges x. (worship of the god Hercules), I made a voyage to Tyre in Phoenicia, hearing there was a temple of .
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